SANS ISC: Javascript DDoS Tool Analysis

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SANS ISC InfoSec Forums

  Last week's denial of service attack agains the Department of Justice (justice.gov), the FBI (fbi.gov) and other sites didn't just rely on Anonymous's favorite tool Low Orbit Ion Canon. Instead, a new method was employed to recruit denial of service clients.

  The new method uses some pretty simple javascript to launch the attack. The folowers are usually requested to visit a particular web page. The page includes a simple form to adjust the denial of service attack parameters but just launches the attack with default parameters as the page is opened in the browser.

  IMPORTANT: The script will start running as soon as the user vists the page. You do not have to press the "fire" button.

  Javascript code retrieving the parameters:

var fireInterval;
var isFiring = false;
var currentTime = new Date()
var lastSuccess = currentTime.getTime();
var requestedCtrNode = document.getElementById("requestedCtr"),
succeededCtrNode = document.getElementById("succeededCtr"),
failedCtrNode = document.getElementById("failedCtr"),
targetURLNode = document.getElementById("targetURL")
...

   an unused part of the code hints at plans to implement a hash table, likely to exploit the recently discussed hashtable denial of service vulnerability

var requestsHT = {}; // requests hash table, may come in handy later

  Originally, I figured the attack may take advantage of XMLHTTPRequest. Instead, the code takes a simpler route. It just changes an image URL to a URL on the attacked page. I suspect that this method is more reliable as it does not require the client to implement XMLHTTPrequest Level 2 or XDomainrequest but should work with pretty much any client.

It will not necessarily retrieve an actual image, but just whatever URL was targeted, followed by an "id" parameter and a "msg" (which is also set by the user). This format should make it pretty easy to filter the attacks at a web application firewall. Even other content sensitive firewalls should be able to deal with this.

Sample weblog:

GET /?id=1327271393334&msg=No%20A%20la%20CENSURA%20EN%20INTERNET%A1%A1%A1 
 HTTP/1.1" 200 8395 

  In order to prevent crashing the browser, the script will limit the number of outstanding requests. The script attempts to send 5,000 requests per second. I tested it directing my requests to a lab web server across a pretty slow VPN connection. It managed to create about 5 requests per second. The referer for the request will be the URL of the attack page. The user's user agent is not altered. 

 Update: Spiderlabs did a nice analysis of this tool, including other "LOIC" variants just about a year ago: blog.spiderlabs.com/2011/01/loic-ddos-analysis-and-detection.html

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Johannes B. Ullrich, Ph.D.
SANS Technology Institute
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