When Good Logs Go Bad: Do You Understand Your Logs?
This keeps happening over and over, and we aren't really covering this as much as we should: Readers finally heed our advise and look at their logs! Now this should make us proud and glad. But then the bad thing happens: They have no idea what they are looking at, and the logs look scary. So the conclusion is "I am hacked!". People stop working and their only goal is to get back a clean system which they find impossible to achieve. For some people, this even results in them becoming unemployed, or worse: They become security professionals.
With this introduction, I got a challenge for you: Take a system that you reasonably believe to be "clean". Find some logs that make you think otherwise, and try to explain them. To get started, here some from my iMac desktop that I use to type this diary:
May 29 10:04:37 iMac.local com.apple.authd[57]: Succeeded authorizing right 'com.apple.ServiceManagement.daemons.modify' by client '/usr/libexec/UserEventAgent' [11] for authorization created by '/usr/libexec/UserEventAgent' [11] (12,0)
Even after a full 5 minutes with Google, I am kind of at a loss as to what this means. In my opinion it is nothing to worry about, but then again, that is just my "impression".
May 29 10:46:16 iMac.local sandboxd[253] ([7255]): com.apple.WebKit(7255) deny file-read-data /Library/Preferences/com.apple.security-common.plist
Seems like a coding bug in Safari to me. Why? Well, WebKit is the rendering engine behind Safari, and Safari runs inside a sandbox on OS X. But why does it try to read "com.apple.security-common.plist"? Looks bad. Maybe I am just doing this too long to still care about some of these messages. Sure looks dangerous to someone who still does care.
So what are your favorite non-events? How do you figure out what is a problem and what isn't? Do we need a database of log messages with translations?
And remember,
â??Just because you're paranoid doesn't mean they aren't after youâ?ť (Joseph Heller, Catch 22).
------
Johannes B. Ullrich, Ph.D.
SANS Technology Institute
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Comments
2014 May 28 21:49:33
Received From: xxxxxxxx->rootcheck
Rule: 510 fired (level 7) -> "Host-based anomaly detection event (rootcheck)."
Portion of the log(s):
Files hidden inside directory '/dev'. Link count does not match number of files (4,88).
This one always raises eyebrows.
Anonymous
May 29th 2014
1 decade ago
http://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/logging/importance-understanding-logs-information-security-standpoint-200
Since I have written that paper, logging standards and formatting has improved greatly, but it is still a challenge. Log correlation tools like SPLUNK can help a lot, but at the end of the day, you still need to be able to interpret these.
One line in an event log can mean the difference between identifying the trigger to an incident or missing it completely.
Anonymous
May 29th 2014
1 decade ago
com.apple.launchd.peruser.501[200]: (com.apple.EscrowSecurityAlert) Unknown key: seatbelt-profiles
I always have a hard time convincing sysadmins to fix things that are just noise due to simple configuration issues, 'why bother?' is the usual response. Then when we have to do some forensics they bemoan the search taking so long through their ginormous logs....
Anonymous
May 30th 2014
1 decade ago
What events do we want to encourage sysadmins and developers to log?
Sure, login/access failures are assumed to be part of the record but what else?
Anonymous
May 30th 2014
1 decade ago
Sassan: I think it is not so much as to what to log, but how to log. I think there need to be well defined log levels ('debug','warnings','errors','security'...) that should be logged with the event. Next, there should be some documentation allowing a user to parse the logs.
Anonymous
May 30th 2014
1 decade ago
I always have a hard time convincing sysadmins to fix things that are just noise due to simple configuration issues, 'why bother?' is the usual response. Then when we have to do some forensics they bemoan the search taking so long through their ginormous logs....[/quote]
Can't agree more. It's like trying to find the needle in the haystack all while having someone dump more hay on top of you.
Anonymous
May 30th 2014
1 decade ago
"Do we need a database of log messages with translations?..."
If you go to eventid.net the site will allow you to event a Windows event ID and then read what other users have said about that ID. It's not a comprehensive database but always a start for me.
No I'm not affiliated with eventid.net just a happy user of their site.
Anonymous
May 30th 2014
1 decade ago
Sagan has a lot of rules and is used to help security staff detect anomalies in real time. Sagan does _not_ attempt to replace tools like Splunk, which are incredibly useful. It's a tool to aid administrators in "understanding" logs.
It is also an open source project :)
Anonymous
Jun 4th 2014
1 decade ago